Leica M9 vs M240 Resolution Comparison using the Leica 50mm f/1.4 Summilux ASPH lens at lens rentals:
LensRentals.com - Leica M Type 240 Resolution Comparison
It is only one lens test, but interesting to see that the resolution wise it is not a big jump from 18MP to 24MP.
LensRentals.com - Leica M Type 240 Resolution Comparison
That 18-megapixel CCD had more resolution than one would expect from an 18-megapixel camera. The new M-240 resolves at least as well (measured by MTF 50) as the M9 did. It probably is just a bit better. The differences in the center and overall are pretty small and probably of no, or very little, significance. The difference in the corners, though, does appear to be approaching significant difference.
It is only one lens test, but interesting to see that the resolution wise it is not a big jump from 18MP to 24MP.